This study explores the application of fiber optic sensing (FOS) using Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR) for structural health monitoring of a reinforced concrete bridge. OFDR technology provides high spatial resolution, enabling precise detection of localized behavior and potential damage such as cracking. Sensing cables were installed longitudinally and transversely within the main span of a box girder bridge to monitor load distribution across the deck, as well as in the primary bridge column to capture axial and bending deformations. The system enables dynamic strain measurements over cable lengths of up to 50 meters, capturing responses to vehicle and seismic loading. In the first project phase, sensor installation and data acquisition revealed detailed insights into both global and localized structural responses under typical traffic. The second phase focuses on validating measured strain distributions against numerical simulations, providing a comparison between real-world structural behavior and design assumptions. This work demonstrates the potential of OFDR-based sensing for continuous, high-resolution monitoring of critical infrastructure. The insights gained support improved structural safety, resilience, and rapid post-event assessment, contributing to the broader goals of long-term infrastructure management and societal safety.